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| 1919 |
| | | More than 300 die when British troops fire on a peaceful demonstration in Amritsar | |
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| 1919 |
| | | On the death of Louis Botha, Jan Smuts succeeds him as prime minister of South Africa | |
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| 1923 |
| | | The African National Congress (ANC) is formed in South Africa by renaming the South African National Native Congress | |
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| 1924 |
| | | James Hertzog's National Party, committed to protecting white privilege, comes to power in South Africa | |
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| 1924 |
| | | The British rugby team touring South Africa are for the first time called the Lions | |
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| 1939 September 4 |
| | | Jan Smuts defeats J.B.M. Hertzog in a vote on neutrality, and takes Hertzog's place as South African premier | |
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| 1939 September 4 |
| | | Jan Smuts brings South Africa into the war in support of Britain | |
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| 1948 |
| | | Daniel Malan becomes South Africa's prime minister after his National Party wins the general election | |
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| 1948 |
| | | Daniel Malan moves swiftly to reinforce apartheid, South Africa's already existing system of racial segregation | |
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| 1949 |
| | | Radical young members, including Nelson Mandela, take control of the ANC | |
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